The author traces the changes in State’s (Ancient Rus, Russian Empire, Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia) to historical and cultural monuments’ preservation and exploitation during15th — 20th centuries. She studied the correlation between various functions of objects of historical or cultural worth in different epochs and considered the monument-focused and value-focused approaches to definition of State exploitation and protection object. The author also did the comparative analysis of monuments typologies and classifications build up by Russian art experts and lawyers.
Keywords: cultural monument; historical monument; cultural values; cultural heritage conservation by State; monument-focused approach; value-focused approach.
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