The author analyzes the process of formation of civil initiatives in the field of protection of cultural heritage in 18 to 19 centuries and notes that in the 19th century the priority in culture preservation initiatives remained on the side of public authorities, however, the processes of state interaction with church and educated public were intensified. Their rapid development was hindered by the immaturity of civil society institutions, the scientific regionalism and diocesan separatism. Based on the analysis the author emphasizes the strengthening of Orthodox Church in the system of Russian statehood in the first half of the 19th century that determined pro-clerical bias of the state policy concerning cultural heritage, consistent with the objectives of preservation and reproduction of the monarchy as a political institution, cultural and
historical myth.
Keywords: cultural heritage protection; public policy; church; civil society; reform; reaction; clericalization; museumification.
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