The author discusses René Descartes’ contribution to the science community of classical type’s formation. The oldest European Academies of Sciences’ history is traced. It is shown that the founder of European rationalism in his correspondence with colleagues defined the institutionalized science’s basic principles and values: objectivity, universality, scientific knowledge systematicity, teamwork, scientist’s creative freedom and scientific inquiry’s nonutilitarian nature. The author also notes that Descartes’ epistolary legacy provides an indication to the social
nature of science.

Keywords: scientific community; classical rationality; science communication; authorship in science; scientificity criteria; scientist’s autonomy; science values.

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