The author analyzes the views of Karl Marx of the time of the beginning of his original teaching’s formation, of the beginning of materialistic dialectics formation as a method of cognition in the context of the problems of human activity and practice, key problem for historical materialism. The author did show that Marx, already in his early works, understands the activity differently from his scientific predecessors. Practice is considered in Marx’s works as a substance of a social person’s activity. The author has also displayed the place and significance of the Marxist worldview in modern conditions and has offered interpretation of practice in terms of vital activity.

Keywords: activity; practice; cognition; dialectics; self-development; contradiction; life; method; alienation; capitalism; communism; personality.

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https://doi.org/10.24151/2409-1073-2018-2-114-122